The fifth session of the Conference was held from 18 to 22 November 2024 at United Nations Headquarters, under the presidency of Mauritania. 22 Members out of 24 members to the Conference (except Israel and Somalia), all P5 observer States (except the US) participated. The general debate covered a diverse set of issues, such as stressing the need to ensure participation by all parties, general principles and obligations, the inalienable right of peaceful uses, and the work of the working committee. At the thematic debate, Members to the Conference exchanged views on the following topics: (a) Reflection and thoughts on previous and future sessions of the Conference and its working committee; (b) Continuation of the discussion on the topics from the fourth session, namely nuclear verification and peaceful uses and technical cooperation. The conference identified the absence of Israel as a key challenge and exchanged proposals, including engaging in relevant WMD non-proliferation meetings and conferences such as the NPT Review conference, an initiative to create a UN Group of Friends of a ME WMDFZ, and engagement with civil society. A summarizing the discussions, decisions, proposals, and plans for the next session of the conference was adopted at the end of the Conference.